向诗银，石万银，王 喆，杨 强，徐 剑*

（劲牌有限公司，中药保健食品质量与安全湖北省重点实验室，黄石435100）

摘要：壳聚糖盐酸盐在医药、中草药纯化、食品保鲜、抗菌等方面具有广阔的应用前景。该文采用溶剂热法合成壳聚糖，脱乙酰度为62.45%，收率为12.76%，分子量主要集中分布在40 000～150 000 Da，重均分子量在100 000 Da。制备得到壳聚糖盐酸盐，利用FT-IR、SEM、XRD对目标产物进行分析，壳聚糖盐酸盐的形貌、大小较接近，含有直径约为4μm的微球结构。利用壳聚糖盐酸盐作为絮凝剂对竹叶提取液进行处理，对脱色及除去微粒均具有较好的效果，最佳絮凝组合工艺为絮凝剂用量0.8 mL、转速10 r/min、吸附时间2 min、固液比0.55∶30 g/mL。该研究可有效提高虾壳利用率，减少环境污染，促进虾壳向高价值利用方向发展，促进产业进步。

关键词：壳聚糖盐酸盐；微球；絮凝；竹叶提取液

中图分类号：TS201.2 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-506X（2025）02-0078-0007

Preparation and Property Study of Chitosan Hydrochloride Microspheres Based on Lobster Shell

XIANG Shiyin, SHI Wanyin, WANG Zhe, YANG Qiang, XU Jian*

(Hubei Provincial Key Lab for Quality and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine Health Food, Jing Brand Co., Ltd., Huangshi 435100, China)

Abstract: Chitosan hydrochloride has a broad application prospect in medicine, Chinese herbal medicine purification, food preservation and anti-bacteria. In this paper, solvothermal synthesis method was adopted to synthesize chitosan. The degree of deacetylation of chitosan was 62.45%, the yield was 12.76%, and the molecular weights were mainly distributed between 40 000~150 000 Da and the weight average molecular weight was 100 000 Da. Desired product, prepared chitosan hydrochloride was analyzed by FT-IR、SEM、XRD. The shape and size of chitosan hydrochloride is similar, including microspheres with a diameter of 4 μm. Using chitosan hydrochloride as flocculant to treat bamboo leaf extract, which has good effect of decolorization and removal of particles. The best flocculation combination technique is flocculant dosage 0.8 mL, rotational speed 10 r/min, adsorption time 2 min, solid-liquid ratio 0.55:30 g/mL. This study can effectively improve the utilization rate of shrimp shells, reduce environment pollution, promote the utilization of shrimp shells to high value direction and promote industrial progress.

Keywords: chitosan hydrochloride; microsphere; flocculation; bamboo leaf extract

doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1674-506X.2025.02-010